Made France
How laws are made and changed in France?
My child is doing in the country report france and he can not know how the rules are made and modified in France.
First a little background: France - like many other countries - has a parliament (U.S. = Congress). Parliament is divided into two parts: the Senate (Senate) and "Chambre des Députés" (= U.S. House of representatives). Of course, this parliament is different from the U.S. Congress, but remember that most of the work in the same way. Law then made the following ways: 1. A "Projet de Loi" (Law Project) presented to Parliament - usually to the Chambre des Députés - either by a MPs (Members of Parliament) or, more often, by the members (ministers) Government today. Another possibility is that the existing law needs to be changed / modified, in this case "Projet d'Amendement" are presented and discussed exactly the same way as a normal law. 2. The law (or amendment) and then discussed by the "Députés" which alter and / or modify it. 3. Law is then subject to a vote by "Députés". All changes in the law also provides the voice over. 4. If accepted, law and then went to the Senate, where else are discussed, modified, altered, etc. 5. Law is then subject to two by the Senate vote. At this stage, several things could happen: 5.1. Law accepted by both the Senate and the Chambre des Députés: later became part of French law, which means it will become part of one of the French "Law Codes", and that the Government will pass through one or more "Décrets d'application", which explains the law if necessary and the command and instruct all agencies for law enforcement to apply from the date granted .. 5.2 This law was rejected by the Senate. This is then returned to the "Chambre des députés" for the second session (Seconde lecture), during which will be changed again, to change, choose the top, etc. .. after that will go back to the Senate for another round of me. Still with? Good! At any time during this process, a group of "députés 'or senator can call on" the Conseil Constitutionnel' (Constitutional Council) to pronounce itself on constitutionality of legislation. Which means - if the Conseil Constitutionnel found unconstitutional the law - any law can be rejected immediately, and will not be allowed to be discussed further. This, in essence, the form of veto on constitutional law. But, at any time during this great cycle, the Government can force the law to be adopted, using what is called Article "49-3". This is usually a very controversial and sign the text that is not very popular (as was the case recently). In this case, the only way to stop of the adopted law is for members of parliament to censor the Government, which is difficult to do because the government usually also have mjority from their own party in Parliament. In addition, the President can force the law - or even part of the law - to return to parliament if he was not satisfied with it. Finally, the only exception is the case of the above rules when there is constitutional change. In this case, changes in the constitution that was debated by the Senate and the Chambre des _both_ Députés in the "special" Parliament in Versailles (And not in Paris). If not, the law-making rules are almost the same ". In Paris, the French Senate is based on the Left Bank, at the" Palais du Luxembourg and the "Chambre des Députés "is based on the" Assemblée Nationale ", near the river Seine.
